![]() The blockchain is organized in blocks, each composed of multiple transactions. Transactions can either be simple money transfers or some more general pieces of code such as Ethereum smart contracts. We clarify the advantages of the new mechanisms over state-of-the-art methods.Ä«lockchain is a growing list of records (often called transactions), managed in a distributed manner among multiple participants. We also describe a technique that enforces fair block selection through concise commitments on the set of pending transactions known to a node. We conduct experiments demonstrating the accuracy of the new validation scheme. First, we design an accurate statistical test for the honesty of a proposal and explain it. In this work, we propose a toolbox of techniques to enforce such a fair block selection. On the contrary, a dishonest node includes more of its transactions at the expense of transactions of other applications. A fair block proposal of a node follows a random selection of the transactions among the set of pending transactions the node is aware of. A node might attempt to prioritize its own transactions by including them early in blocks added to the blockchain. ![]() The application can be a financial institution (such as a bank), sharing the blockchain with other such applications and is represented by a node. ![]() For instance, upon issuing payment transactions, users of an application would like to be notified quickly on the transactions approval. In Blockchain networks involving multiple applications, the quality of service of an application is affected by the transaction ordering. ![]()
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